Sakkalou, E;
Sakki, H;
O'reilly, MA;
Salt, AT;
Dale, NJ;
(2018)
Parenting stress, anxiety, and depression in mothers with visually impaired infants: a cross‐sectional and longitudinal cohort analysis.
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
, 60
(3)
pp. 290-298.
10.1111/dmcn.13633.
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Abstract
AIM: This study examined cross‐sectional and longitudinal patterns of parenting stress, adult anxiety, and depression in mothers of children with profound or severe visual impairment (PVI or SVI) at 1 year and 2 years of age. METHOD: Mothers of a national longitudinal cohort (OPTIMUM Project) of infants with congenital disorders of the peripheral visual system and PVI (light perception at best) or SVI (basic ‘form’ vision of non‐light reflecting objects) participated. Infant age at baseline (T₁) was 8 to 16 months. Mothers completed the Parenting Stress Index ‐ Short Form and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at T₁ (n=79) and at follow‐up 12 months later (T₂) (n=73). RESULTS: Mothers of the total group had higher parenting stress levels (34.6% in clinical range) than community normative data at T₁ (p=0.017). Mothers of infants in the PVI subgroup had elevated stress at T₁ (p=0.014) and T₂ (p=0.009). The PVI subgroup was also elevated in the Difficult Child subscale at T₂ (p=0.001). Within‐sample differences in parenting stress between the visual impairment subgroups were found at T₂ only: the PVI subgroup scored higher than the SVI subgroup (p=0.029). Adult anxiety and depression in the total group were not elevated compared with community normative data at T₁ and T₂; however, higher parenting stress was related to raised adult anxiety and depression levels at T₁ and T₂ (p=0.001). Regression analysis found parenting stress and lower child vision level (T1) predicted parenting stress (T₂ (p=0.001; 42% variance). INTERPRETATION: Mothers of 1‐year‐old infants with visual impairment showed raised risk for parenting stress, which continued to be elevated for children with PVI and those perceived as ‘difficult’ at 2 years. This was also a psychological risk, with greater adult anxiety and depression in those mothers with raised parenting stress. The clinical significance is that identification of parenting stress and targeted parenting, and behavioural support of the child in the first years of life is highly indicated.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Parenting stress, anxiety, and depression in mothers with visually impaired infants: a cross‐sectional and longitudinal cohort analysis |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1111/dmcn.13633 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13633 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Near Detection Scale, Parenting Stress Index difficult child subscale, Parenting Stress Index parent–child dysfunctional interaction subscale, Parenting Stress Index parental distress subscale, Parenting Stress Index ‐ Short Form, Parenting Stress Index total stress score, Profound visual impairment, Severe visual impairment |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Developmental Neurosciences Dept |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10063221 |
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