Kempinska, K;
Davies, T;
Shawe-Taylor, J;
(2017)
Probabilistic map-matching for low-frequency GPS trajectories.
In:
Proceedings of GIS Ostrava 2017: Dynamics in GIscience.
(pp. pp. 209-221).
Springer: Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
The ability to infer routes taken by vehicles from sparse and noisy GPS data is of crucial importance in many traffic applications. The task, known as map-matching, can be accurately approached by a popular technique known as ST-Matching. The algorithm is computationally efficient and has been shown to outperform more traditional map-matching approaches, especially on low-frequency GPS data. The major drawback of the algorithm is a lack of confidence scores associated with its outputs, which are particularly useful when GPS data quality is low. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic adaptation of ST-Matching that equips it with the ability to express map-matching certainty using probabilities. The adaptation, called probabilistic ST-Matching (PST-Matching) is inspired by similarities between ST-Matching and probabilistic approaches to map-matching based on a Hidden Markov Model. We validate the proposed algorithm on GPS trajectories of varied quality and show that it is similar to ST-Matching in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, yet with the added benefit of having a measure of confidence associated with its outputs.
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