De Angelis, F;
Brownlee, WJ;
Chard, DT;
Trip, SA;
(2019)
New MS diagnostic criteria in practice.
Practical Neurology
, 19
(1)
10.1136/practneurol-2018-001945.
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Abstract
The diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS), first developed in the 1950s, have since undergone several revisions, all focused on three main requirements for a diagnosis of MS: Objective clinical evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Evidence of lesions disseminated in time and space. Exclusion of other conditions that could better explain the clinical and paraclinical findings. Before the widespread use of MR imaging, the criteria for dissemination in time and space were fulfilled by two attacks involving different parts of the CNS and clinical evidence of two lesions separated in time, or one attack with additional paraclinical evidence of another lesion. In 2001, McDonald et al 1 fully integrated the use of MR imaging into the diagnostic schema as an alternative to clinical evidence for dissemination in time and space, allowing an earlier diagnosis of MS. The McDonald criteria were revised in 2005, 2010 and 2017, building on new evidence for the role of MR imaging.2–4 The increasing focus on the importance of early treatment of MS with disease-modifying therapies has meant that a prompt and accurate diagnosis of MS has never been more important.
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