Roumpea, E;
Kovalchuk, NM;
Chinaud, M;
Nowak, E;
Simmons, MJH;
Angeli, P;
(2019)
Experimental studies on droplet formation in a flow-focusing microchannel in the presence of surfactants.
Chemical Engineering Science
, 195
pp. 507-518.
10.1016/j.ces.2018.09.049.
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Abstract
The formation of an aqueous droplet in an organic continuous phase was studied experimentally inside a flow-focusing microchannel (190 μm × 195 μm: depth × width) in the presence of surfactants. A low viscosity silicone oil (0.0046 Pa s) was used as the continuous phase and a mixture of 48% w/w water and 52% w/w glycerol was the dispersed phase. Two ionic surfactants, C₁₂TAB (50 mM) and C₁₆TAB (5 mM) were added in the aqueous phase, at concentrations above the CMC values. Four regimes of drop formation were identified, namely squeezing, dripping, jetting and threading, whose boundaries changed when the surfactants were present. The drop formation process and the velocity profiles in both phases in the squeezing and dripping regimes were studied in more detail using a two-colour Particle Image Velocimetry technique. For all solutions studied, three distinct drop formation stages were identified, expansion, necking and pinch-off. The surfactant-laden solutions produced smaller drops. Considering the dynamic interfacial tension, rather than the equilibrium one, it was possible to explain differences in the drop formation between the two surfactant systems in the expansion stage. The forces acting on the forming drops were estimated and showed that the drag force overcomes the interfacial tension force at the transition between the expansion and necking stages. During this transition, the curvature of the neck changed while its thinning rate was increased. The transition from the necking to the pinch-off stage was signified by a flow reversal at the bottom part of the drop.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Experimental studies on droplet formation in a flow-focusing microchannel in the presence of surfactants |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ces.2018.09.049 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2018.09.049 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) |
| Keywords: | μ-PIV, Surfactants, Flow-focusing microchannel, Droplet formation |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Chemical Engineering |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10060112 |
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