Hwang, Gi-Byoung; (2018) Bactericidal surfaces with nanoparticles and light activated agents to inhibit healthcare associated infections. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

This thesis details the anti-biofouling property of superhydrophobic surface and white light-activated bactericidal polymers, and self-cleaning and bactericidal paints for preventing hospital associated infection. To investigate the anti-biofouling property of superhydrophobic surface over a long period of time, superhydrophobic surfaces were made using 1H, 1H, 2H, 2Hperfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, P25 TiO2 nanoparticles, ethanol, and double sided tape. The bacteria adhesion of the superhydrophobic surface was tested through full immersion of four different bacteria suspensions for 1, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h and then the result was compared with other surfaces containing glass, polystyrene, and polyurethane. Changes of the tested surfaces were investigated by water contact angle meter, SEM, AFM, and confocal microscope. Through a simple swell-encapsulation shrink process, white light-activated bactericidal polyurethane was produced. Toluidine blue O and silver nanoparticles were encapsulated into a polyurethane and characterised by water contact angle meter, UV/Vis spectrometer, fluorescence microscope, and material testing and inspection device. Crystal violet and acrylic latex, which is a widely used paint material for home decoration, were mixed together to produce photobactericidal paints for the first time. At various mixing ratio, crystal violet and acrylic latex were combined together. The paint coated slide was characterised using water contact angle meter, and UV/Vis spectrometer, and its stability was investigated through liquid leaching test Crystal violet, toluidine blue O, P25 TiO2 nanoparticles, and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2Hperfluorooctyltriethoxysilane were used to produce dual functional paints with superhydrophobic and bactericidal behaviour. TiO2, TBO, and CV paints were fabricated via physical and chemical reaction. The dual functional paint coated slides were investigated in terms of water repellence, self-cleaning, and anti-biofouling properties, and was also characterised by SEM, AFM, and UV/Vis spectrometer. Bactericidal properties of the treated polyurethane and paint, dual functional paints were assessed with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The tested samples demonstrated not only potent photobactericidal activity in white light (typical 5 hospital lamp) but also bactericidal activity in dark. It is expected that bactericidal materials detailed in this thesis will be useful for use in healthcare facilities in order to reduce hospital associated infections.

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