Wheeler, DC;
Kovesdy, C;
Matsushita, K;
Sang, Y;
Brunskill, NJ;
Carrero, JJ;
Chodick, G;
... Grams, ME; + view all
(2018)
Serum potassium and adverse outcomes across the range of kidney function: a CKD Prognosis Consortium meta-analysis.
European Heart Journal
, 39
(17)
pp. 1535-1542.
10.1093/eurheartj/ehy100.
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Abstract
Aims: Both hypo- and hyperkalemia can have immediate deleterious physiologic effects; less is known about long-term risks. The objective was to determine the risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and end-stage renal disease associated with potassium levels across the range of kidney function and evaluate for consistency across cohorts in a global consortium. Methods & Results: We performed an individual-level data meta-analysis of 27 international cohorts (10 general population, 7 high cardiovascular risk, and 10 CKD) in the CKD Prognosis Consortium. We used Cox regression followed by random-effects meta-analysis to assess the relationship between baseline potassium and adverse outcomes, adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics, overall and across strata of eGFR and albuminuria. We included 1,217,986 participants followed for a mean of 6.9 years. Average age was 55±16 years, average eGFR was 83±23 ml/min/1.73 m2, and 17% had moderate- to severely-increased albuminuria. Mean baseline potassium was 4.2±0.4 mmol/L. The risk of serum potassium of >5.5 mmol/L was related to lower eGFR and higher albuminuria. The risk-relationship between potassium levels and adverse outcomes was U-shaped with the lowest risk at serum potassium 4-4.5 mmol/L. Compared to a reference of 4.2 mmol/L, the adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.15-1.29) at 5.5 mmol/L and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.26-1.76) at 3.0 mmol/L. Risks were similar by eGFR, albuminuria, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor use, and across cohorts. Conclusions: Outpatient potassium levels both above and below the normal range are consistently associated with adverse outcomes, with similar risk relationships across eGFR and albuminuria.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Serum potassium and adverse outcomes across the range of kidney function: a CKD Prognosis Consortium meta-analysis |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy100 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy100 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Potassium, estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, end-stage renal disease, mortality. |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine > Renal Medicine |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10043512 |
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