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The particle carriers of field-aligned currents in the Earth's magnetotail during a substorm

Cheng, ZW; Zhang, JC; Shi, JK; Kistler, LM; Dunlop, M; Dandouras, I; Fazakerley, A; (2016) The particle carriers of field-aligned currents in the Earth's magnetotail during a substorm. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics , 121 (4) pp. 3058-3068. 10.1002/2015JA022071. Green open access

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Abstract

Although the particle carriers of field-aligned currents (FACs) in the Earth's magnetotail play an important role in the transfer of momentum and energy between the solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere, the characteristics of the FAC carriers have been poorly understood. Taking advantage of multiinstrument magnetic field and plasma data collected by the four spacecraft of the Cluster constellation as they traversed the northern plasma sheet boundary layer in the magnetotail on 14 September 2004, we identified the species type and energy range of the FAC carriers for the first time. The results indicate that part of tailward FACs is carried by energetic keV ions, which are probably originated from the ionosphere through outflow, and they are not too small (~2 nA/m2) to be ignored. The earthward (tailward) FACs are mainly carried by the dominant tailward (earthward) motion of electrons, and higher-energy electrons (from ~0.5 to 26 keV) are the main carriers.

Type: Article
Title: The particle carriers of field-aligned currents in the Earth's magnetotail during a substorm
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1002/2015JA022071
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JA022071
Language: English
Additional information: This is the published version of record. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: field-aligned currents; current carriers; magnetotail; substorm; plasma sheet boundary layer
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Space and Climate Physics
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10041410
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