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Engineering of Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Light Emitting Applications

Todescato, F; Fortunati, I; Minotto, A; Signorini, R; Jasieniak, JJ; Bozio, R; (2016) Engineering of Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Light Emitting Applications. Materials , 9 (8) , Article 672. 10.3390/ma9080672. Green open access

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Abstract

Semiconductor nanocrystals are rapidly spreading into the display and lighting markets. Compared with liquid crystal and organic LED displays, nanocrystalline quantum dots (QDs) provide highly saturated colors, wide color gamut, resolution, rapid response time, optical efficiency, durability and low cost. This remarkable progress has been made possible by the rapid advances in the synthesis of colloidal QDs and by the progress in understanding the intriguing new physics exhibited by these nanoparticles. In this review, we provide support to the idea that suitably engineered core/graded-shell QDs exhibit exceptionally favorable optical properties, photoluminescence and optical gain, while keeping the synthesis facile and producing QDs well suited for light emitting applications. Solid-state laser emitters can greatly profit from QDs as efficient gain materials. Progress towards fabricating low threshold, solution processed DFB lasers that are optically pumped using one- and two-photon absorption is reviewed. In the field of display technologies, the exploitation of the exceptional photoluminescence properties of QDs for LCD backlighting has already advanced to commercial levels. The next big challenge is to develop the electroluminescence properties of QD to a similar state. We present an overview of QLED devices and of the great perspectives for next generation display and lighting technologies.

Type: Article
Title: Engineering of Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Light Emitting Applications
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.3390/ma9080672
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma9080672
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: quantum dots; display; photoluminescence; laser emission; electroluminescence; LED
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10027732
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