van den Berg, ME; Warren, HR; Cabrera, CP; Verweij, N; Mifsud, B; Haessler, J; Bihlmeyer, NA; ... Munroe, PB; + view all van den Berg, ME; Warren, HR; Cabrera, CP; Verweij, N; Mifsud, B; Haessler, J; Bihlmeyer, NA; Fu, Y-P; Weiss, S; Lin, HJ; Grarup, N; Li-Gao, R; Pistis, G; Shah, N; Brody, JA; Müller-Nurasyid, M; Lin, H; Mei, H; Smith, AV; Lyytikäinen, L-P; Hall, LM; van Setten, J; Trompet, S; Prins, BP; Isaacs, A; Radmanesh, F; Marten, J; Entwistle, A; Kors, JA; Silva, CT; Alonso, A; Bis, JC; de Boer, R; de Haan, HG; de Mutsert, R; Dedoussis, G; Dominiczak, AF; Doney, ASF; Ellinor, PT; Eppinga, RN; Felix, SB; Guo, X; Hagemeijer, Y; Hansen, T; Harris, TB; Heckbert, SR; Huang, PL; Hwang, S-J; Kähönen, M; Kanters, JK; Kolcic, I; Launer, LJ; Li, M; Yao, J; Linneberg, A; Liu, S; Macfarlane, PW; Mangino, M; Morris, AD; Mulas, A; Murray, AD; Nelson, CP; Orrú, M; Padmanabhan, S; Peters, A; Porteous, DJ; Poulter, N; Psaty, BM; Qi, L; Raitakari, OT; Rivadeneira, F; Roselli, C; Rudan, I; Sattar, N; Sever, P; Sinner, MF; Soliman, EZ; Spector, TD; Stanton, AV; Stirrups, KE; Taylor, KD; Tobin, MD; Uitterlinden, A; Vaartjes, I; Hoes, AW; van der Meer, P; Völker, U; Waldenberger, M; Xie, Z; Zoledziewska, M; Tinker, A; Polasek, O; Rosand, J; Jamshidi, Y; van Duijn, CM; Zeggini, E; Wouter Jukema, J; Asselbergs, FW; Samani, NJ; Lehtimäki, T; Gudnason, V; Wilson, J; Lubitz, SA; Kääb, S; Sotoodehnia, N; Caulfield, MJ; Palmer, CNA; Sanna, S; Mook-Kanamori, DO; Deloukas, P; Pedersen, O; Rotter, JI; Dörr, M; O'Donnell, CJ; Hayward, C; Arking, DE; Kooperberg, C; van der Harst, P; Eijgelsheim, M; Stricker, BH; Munroe, PB; - view fewer (2017) Discovery of novel heart rate-associated loci using the Exome Chip. Human Molecular Genetics , 26 (12) pp. 2346-2363. 10.1093/hmg/ddx113.

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Abstract

Background Resting heart rate is a heritable trait, and an increase in heart rate is associated with increased mortality risk. GWAS analyses have found loci associated with resting heart rate, at the time of our study these loci explained 0.9% of the variation.Aim To discover new genetic loci associated with heart rate from Exome Chip meta-analyses.Methods Heart rate was measured from either elecrtrocardiograms or pulse recordings. We meta-analysed heart rate association results from 104,452 European-ancestry individuals from 30 cohorts, genotyped using the Exome Chip. Twenty-four variants were selected for follow-up in an independent dataset (UK Biobank, N = 134,251). Conditional and gene-based testing was undertaken, and variants were investigated with bioinformatics methods.Results We discovered five novel heart rate loci, and one new independent low-frequency non-synonymous variant in an established heart rate locus (KIAA1755). Lead variants in four of the novel loci are non-synonymous variants in the genes C10orf71, DALDR3, TESK2, SEC31B. The variant at SEC31B is significantly associated with SEC31B expression in heart and tibial nerve tissue. Further candidate genes were detected from long range regulatory chromatin interactions in heart tissue (SCD, SLF2, MAPK8). We observed significant enrichment in DNase I hypersensitive sites in fetal heart and lung. Moreover, enrichment was seen for the first time in human neuronal progenitor cells (derived from embryonic stem cells) and fetal muscle samples by including our novel variants.Conclusion Our findings advance the knowledge of the genetic architecture of heart rate, and indicate new candidate genes for follow-up functional studies.

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