Martin, E;
Ling, YT;
Treeby, B;
(2016)
Simulating Focused Ultrasound Transducers using Discrete Sources on Regular Cartesian Grids.
IEEE Transactions On Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics And Frequency Control
, 63
(10)
pp. 1535-1542.
10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2600862.
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Abstract
Accurately representing the behaviour of acoustic sources is an important part of ultrasound simulation. This is particularly challenging in ultrasound therapy where multielement arrays are often used. Typically, sources are defined as a boundary condition over a 2D plane within the computational model. However, this approach can become difficult to apply to arrays with multiple elements distributed over a non-planar surface. In this work, a grid-based discrete source model for single and multi-element bowl-shaped transducers is developed to model the source geometry explicitly within a regular Cartesian grid. For each element, the source model is defined as a symmetric, simply-connected surface with a single grid point thickness. Simulations using the source model with the opensource k-Wave toolbox are validated using the Rayleigh integral, O'Neil's solution, and experimental measurements of a focused bowl transducer under both quasi continuous wave and pulsed excitation. Close agreement is shown between the discrete bowl model and the axial pressure predicted by O'Neil's solution for a uniform curved radiator, even at very low grid resolutions. Excellent agreement is also shown between the discrete bowl model and experimental measurements. To accurately reproduce the near-field pressure measured experimentally, it is necessary to derive the drive signal at each grid point of the bowl model directly using holography. However, good agreement is also obtained in the focal region using uniformly radiating monopole sources distributed over the bowl surface. This allows the response of multi-element transducers to be modelled, even where measurement of an input plane is not possible.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Simulating Focused Ultrasound Transducers using Discrete Sources on Regular Cartesian Grids |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2600862 |
| Publisher version: | http://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2600862 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2017 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is the author's version of an article that has been published in this journal. Changes were made to this version by the publisher prior to publication. The final version of record is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2600862. Personal use is permitted. For any other purposes, permission must be obtained from the IEEE by emailing pubs-permissions@ieee.org. |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Technology, Acoustics, Engineering, Electrical & Electronic, Engineering, Acoustic Measurements, Boundary Conditions, Computational Modelling, Matlab, Model Checking, Numerical Simulations, Pressure Measurement, Ultrasonic Transducers, Nonlinear Ultrasound, Fields, Therapy, Waves, Array |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1508939 |
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