Unterhalter, ES; (2015) Measuring Gender inequality and equality in education. In: Proceedings of the Beyond Parity: Measuring Gender Equality in Education workshop. United Nation Girls' Initiative (UNGEI): London, UK.

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Abstract

Since 1995, considerable expertise has built up in measuring aspects of gender inequality and equality, and in researching these in education, particularly formal schooling. Existing international and national measures used for reporting on gender in formal schooling chart gender parity in school enrolment, attendance, progression, and learning outcomes. Gender parity measures the number of girls as a proportion of the number of boys. This measure generates some insights regarding the distribution and use of resources, but it is narrow. However, gender parity as a measurement technique tells us very little about the institutions which help reproduce gender inequalities within and beyond education. It also fails to give us a sense of the dimensions of gender equality, and the processes and investments in schooling which will develop, support and sustain this. Thus it does not generate sufficiently multi-dimensional insights for policy makers and practitioners with regard to where gender inequalities and equalities are located in education and how change in these processes can be evaluated and tracked using quantitative and qualitative information and a range of strategies for measurement.

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