Nightingale, S;
Michael, BD;
Fisher, M;
Winston, A;
Nelson, M;
Taylor, S;
Ustianowski, A;
... Solomon, T; + view all
(2016)
CSF/plasma HIV-1 RNA discordance even at low levels is associated with up-regulation of host inflammatory mediators in CSF.
Cytokine
, 83
pp. 139-146.
10.1016/j.cyto.2016.04.004.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: HIV-1 RNA can be found at higher levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than in plasma, termed CSF/plasma discordance. The clinical significance of CSF/plasma discordance is not known and the degree of discordance considered important varies. We aimed to determine whether a panel of CSF cytokines, chemokines and associated mediators were raised in patients with CSF/plasma discordance at different levels. METHODS: A nested case-control study of 40 CSF samples from the PARTITION study. We used a cytometric bead array to measure CSF mediator concentrations in 19 discordant and 21 non-discordant samples matched for plasma HIV-1 RNA. Discordant samples were subdivided into ‘high discordance’ (>1log10) and ‘low discordance’ (0.5–1log10, or ultrasensitive discordance). CSF mediators significant in univariate analysis went forward to two-way unsupervised hierarchical clustering based on the patterns of relative mediator concentrations. RESULTS: In univariate analysis 19 of 21 CSF mediators were significantly higher in discordant than non-discordant samples. There were no significant differences between samples with high versus low discordance. The samples grouped into two clusters which corresponded to CSF/plasma discordance (p < 0.0001). In cluster one all mediators had relatively high abundance; this included 18 discordant samples and three non-discordant samples. In cluster two all mediators had relatively low abundance; this included 18 non-discordant samples and one non-discordant sample with ultrasensitive discordance only. CONCLUSIONS: CSF/plasma discordance is associated with potentially damaging neuroinflammatory process. Patients with discordance at lower levels (ie. 0.5–1log10) should also be investigated as mediator profiles were similar to those with discordance >1log10. Sensitive testing may have a role to determine whether ultrasensitive discordance is present in those with low level CSF escape.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | CSF/plasma HIV-1 RNA discordance even at low levels is associated with up-regulation of host inflammatory mediators in CSF |
| Location: | Brighton, ENGLAND |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.04.004 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2016.04.004 |
| Additional information: | © 2016 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, Immunology, Hiv, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Csf Escape, Sanctuary Site, Inflammation, Immunodeficiency-Virus Infection, Central-Nervous-System, Cerebrospinal-Fluid, Neurocognitive Disorders, Antiretroviral Therapy, Impairment, Biomarkers, Markers, Plasma, Era |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health > Infection and Population Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1494328 |
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