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Effects of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on C-reactive protein in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 1, 2, and 3): Exploratory analyses of three randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials

Verma, Subodh; Bhatta, Meena; Davies, Melanie; Deanfield, John E; Garvey, W Timothy; Jensen, Camilla; Kandler, Kristian; ... Kosiborod, Mikhail N; + view all (2023) Effects of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on C-reactive protein in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 1, 2, and 3): Exploratory analyses of three randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials. eClinicalMedicine , 55 , Article 101737. 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101737. Green open access

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Abstract

Background: Inflammation is a key driver of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. C-reactive protein (CRP), an established biomarker of inflammation, is commonly elevated in people with overweight/obesity. Methods: STEP 1, 2, and 3 were 68-week, placebo-controlled trials of semaglutide for weight management in participants with overweight/obesity, with (STEP 2) or without (STEP 1 and 3) type 2 diabetes. Change in serum CRP from baseline to week 68 was assessed as a prespecified secondary endpoint for semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo (STEP 1, 2, and 3) and versus semaglutide 1.0 mg (STEP 2). Post hoc assessments included change in CRP by baseline characteristics (bodyweight, body mass index [BMI], glycaemic status, CRP concentration); change in CRP-defined cardiovascular risk category (<1 [low], 1–3 [intermediate], and >3 mg/L [high]); and correlation between change in CRP and change in bodyweight, waist circumference, fasting serum insulin (STEP 1 and 3), fasting plasma glucose, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Findings: The trials took place from June through November 2018 (STEP 1 and 2) and from August 2018 to April 2020 (STEP 3). In all trials, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced CRP at week 68 versus placebo (estimated treatment difference [ETD; 95% CI] −44% [–49 to −39] in STEP 1, –39% [–46 to −30] in STEP 2, and –48% [–55 to −39] in STEP 3; all p < 0.05). In STEP 2, CRP reductions were greater with semaglutide 2.4 mg (−49%) than with 1.0 mg (−42%) but the difference did not reach statistical significance (ETD [95% CI] −12% [–23 to 1]; p = 0.06). Reductions in CRP occurred in parallel with bodyweight loss and were consistent regardless of baseline BMI/bodyweight/glycaemic status. More semaglutide-treated participants had reductions in CRP-defined cardiovascular risk versus those on placebo. Reductions in CRP were positively correlated with reductions in bodyweight, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, and HOMA-IR (data not shown). Interpretation: In people with overweight/obesity, once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg and 1.0 mg reduced CRP concentration irrespective of baseline BMI/bodyweight/glycaemic status compared with placebo. These data suggest a potential anti-inflammatory role of semaglutide in obesity. Funding: Novo Nordisk.

Type: Article
Title: Effects of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on C-reactive protein in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 1, 2, and 3): Exploratory analyses of three randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101737
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101737
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, C-reactive protein, Cardiovascular risk factors, Semaglutide, Obesity, Type 2 diabetes, Weight loss, Inflammation, Weight management, GLP-1RA, CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES, INFLAMMATION, ACTIVATION, MARKERS, DISEASE, CANTOS
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Clinical Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10167483
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