Meulmeester, FL;
Luo, J;
Martens, LG;
Mills, K;
van Heemst, D;
Noordam, R;
(2023)
Antioxidant Supplementation in Oxidative Stress-Related Diseases: What Have We Learned from Studies on Alpha-Tocopherol?
Antioxidants
, 11
(12)
, Article 2322. 10.3390/antiox11122322.
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Abstract
Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key contributor to lifestyle- and age-related diseases. Because free radicals play an important role in various processes such as immune responses and cellular signaling, the body possesses an arsenal of different enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms. Oxidative stress is, among others, the result of an imbalance between the production of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms including vitamin E (α-tocopherol) as a non-enzymatic antioxidant. Dietary vitamins, such as vitamin C and E, can also be taken in as supplements. It has been postulated that increasing antioxidant levels through supplementation may delay and/or ameliorate outcomes of lifestyle- and age-related diseases that have been linked to oxidative stress. Although supported by many animal experiments and observational studies, randomized clinical trials in humans have failed to demonstrate any clinical benefit from antioxidant supplementation. Nevertheless, possible explanations for this discrepancy remain underreported. This review aims to provide an overview of recent developments and novel research techniques used to clarify the existing controversy on the benefits of antioxidant supplementation in health and disease, focusing on α-tocopherol as antioxidant. Based on the currently available literature, we propose that examining the difference between antioxidant activity and capacity, by considering the catabolism of antioxidants, will provide crucial knowledge on the preventative and therapeutical use of antioxidant supplementation in oxidative stress-related diseases.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Antioxidant Supplementation in Oxidative Stress-Related Diseases: What Have We Learned from Studies on Alpha-Tocopherol? |
| Location: | Switzerland |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3390/antiox11122322 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122322 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2022 by the Authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | antioxidant supplementation, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, α-tocopherol |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Genetics and Genomic Medicine Dept |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10163071 |
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