Boustani, Shaun;
Shanks, David R;
(2022)
Heterogeneity and Publication Bias in Research on Test-Potentiated New Learning.
Collabra: Psychology
, 8
(1)
, Article 31996. 10.1525/collabra.31996.
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Abstract
Prior retrieval practice potentiates new learning. A recent meta-analysis of this test-potentiated new learning (TPNL) effect by Chan, Meissner, and Davis (2018) concluded that it is a robust and reliable finding (Hedges’ g = 0.44). Although Chan et al. discussed three different experimental designs that have been employed to study TPNL, we argue that their meta-analysis failed to adequately distinguish the findings from these different designs, acknowledge the significance of the substantial between-study heterogeneity across all pooled effects, and assess the degree of publication bias in the sample. We conducted a new meta-analysis that assessed the designs separately and applied appropriate corrections for publication bias. We found that studies using a standard design yield weak evidence of a TPNL effect, studies using pre-testing yield a small but reliable effect, and studies using interleaving designs yield weak evidence of a negative effect. Compared to Chan et al.’s conclusions, these reanalyses cast TPNL in a very different light and point to a pressing need for preregistered experiments to assess its reproducibility in the absence of publication bias.
Type: | Article |
---|---|
Title: | Heterogeneity and Publication Bias in Research on Test-Potentiated New Learning |
Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
DOI: | 10.1525/collabra.31996 |
Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.31996 |
Language: | English |
Additional information: | This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
Keywords: | publication bias, meta-analysis, testing effect, test-potentiated new learning |
UCL classification: | UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Experimental Psychology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences |
URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10144434 |
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