Hanson, HM;
Eiben, B;
McClelland, JR;
van Herk, M;
Rowland, BC;
(2021)
Technical Note: 4D Deformable Digital Phantom for MRI Sequence Development.
Medical Physics
, 48
(9)
pp. 5406-5413.
10.1002/mp.15036.
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Abstract
PURPOSE: MR-guided radiotherapy has different requirements for the images than diagnostic radiology, thus requiring development of novel imaging sequences. MRI simulation is an excellent tool for optimising these new sequences, however currently available software does not provide all the necessary features. In this paper we present a digital framework for testing MRI sequences that incorporates anatomical structure, respiratory motion and realistic presentation of MR physics. METHODS: The extended Cardiac-Torso (XCAT) software was used to create T1, T2 and proton density maps that formed the anatomical structure of the phantom. Respiratory motion model was based on the XCAT deformation vector fields, modified to create a motion model driven by a respiration signal. MRI simulation was carried out with JEMRIS, an open source Bloch simulator. We developed an extension for JEMRIS, which calculates the motion of each spin independently, allowing for deformable motion. RESULTS: The performance of the framework was demonstrated through simulating the acquisition of a 2D cine and demonstrating expected motion ghosts from T2 weighted spin echo acquisitions with different respiratory patterns. All simulations were consistent with behaviour previously described in literature. Simulations with deformable motion were not more time consuming than with rigid motion. CONCLUSIONS: We present a deformable 4D digital phantom framework for MR sequence development. The framework incorporates anatomical structure, realistic breathing patterns, deformable motion and Bloch simulation to achieve accurate simulation of MRI. This method is particularly relevant for testing novel imaging.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Technical Note: 4D Deformable Digital Phantom for MRI Sequence Development |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1002/mp.15036 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.15036 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2021 The Authors. Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Keywords: | Digital phantom, MRI guidance, MRI simulation, Motion Management |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10129497 |
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