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Cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness, and the acute blood pressure response to exercise in adolescence

Huang, Z; Park, C; Chaturvedi, N; Howe, LD; Sharman, JE; Hughes, AD; Schultz, MG; (2021) Cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness, and the acute blood pressure response to exercise in adolescence. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports , 31 (8) pp. 1693-1698. 10.1111/sms.13976. Green open access

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Exaggerated exercise blood pressure (BP) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence. Cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity (fatness) are independent contributors to cardiovascular risk, but their interrelated associations with exercise BP are unknown. This study aimed to determine the relationships between fitness, fatness and the acute BP response to exercise in a large birth cohort of adolescents. METHODS: 2292 adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (aged 17.8±0.4 years, 38.5% male) completed a submaximal exercise step-test that allowed fitness (VO2 max ) to be determined from workload and heart rate using a validated equation. Exercise BP was measured immediately on test cessation and fatness calculated as the ratio of total fat mass to total body mass measured by DXA. RESULTS: Post-exercise systolic BP decreased stepwise with tertile of fitness (146 (18); 142 (17); 141 (16) mmHg) but increased with tertile of fatness (138 (15); 142 (16); 149 (18) mmHg). In separate models, fitness and fatness were associated with post-exercise systolic BP adjusted for sex, age, height, smoking and socioeconomic status (standardized β: -1.80, 95%CI: -2.64, -0.95 mmHg/SD and 4.31, 95%CI: 3.49, 5.13 mmHg/SD). However, when fitness and fatness were included in the same model, only fatness remained associated with exercise BP (4.65, 95%CI: 3.69, 5.61 mmHg/SD). CONCLUSION: Both fitness and fatness are associated with the acute BP response to exercise in adolescence. The fitness-exercise BP association was not independent of fatness, implying the cardiovascular protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness may only be realised with more-favourable body composition.

Type: Article
Title: Cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness, and the acute blood pressure response to exercise in adolescence
Location: Denmark
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1111/sms.13976
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13976
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: ALSPAC, Adolescent, Blood pressure, Body Composition, Cardiorespiratory fitness, Exercise
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine > MRC Unit for Lifelong Hlth and Ageing
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10127031
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