Allel, K;
Jaoude, GA;
Poupakis, S;
Batura, N;
Skordis, J;
Haghparast-Bidgoli, H;
(2021)
Exploring the associations between early childhood development outcomes and ecological country-level factors across low-and middle-income countries.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
, 18
(7)
, Article 3340. 10.3390/ijerph18073340.
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Abstract
A poor start in life shapes children’s development over the life-course. Children from low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) are exposed to low levels of early stimulation, greater socioeconomic deprivation and persistent environmental and health challenges. Nevertheless, little is known about country-specific factors affecting early childhood development (ECD) in LMICs. Using data from 68 LMICs collected as part of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys between 2010 and 2018, along with other publicly available data sources, we employed a multivariate linear regression analysis at a national level to assess the association between the average Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) in children aged 3–5 and country-level ecological characteristics: early learning and nurturing care and socioeconomic and health indicators. Our results show that upper-middle-income country status, attendance at early childhood education (ECE) programs and the availability of books at home are positively associated with a higher ECDI. Conversely, the prevalence of low birthweight and high under-5 and maternal mortality are negatively associated with ECDI nationally. On average, LMICs with inadequate stimulation at home, higher mortality rates and without mandatory ECE programs are at greater risks of poorer ECDI. Investment in early-year interventions to improve nurturing care and ECD outcomes is essential for achieving Sustainable Development Goals.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Exploring the associations between early childhood development outcomes and ecological country-level factors across low-and middle-income countries |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph18073340 |
| Publisher version: | http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073340 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Keywords: | Early childhood development; low- and middle-income countries; inequalities; Sustainable Development Goals; child health |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10125377 |
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