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Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage Is Increased in Parkinson's Disease

Al-Bachari, S; Naish, JH; Parker, GJM; Emsley, HCA; Parkes, LM; (2020) Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage Is Increased in Parkinson's Disease. Frontiers in Physiology , 11 , Article 593026. 10.3389/fphys.2020.593026. Green open access

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption has been noted in animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and forms the basis of the vascular hypothesis of neurodegeneration, yet clinical studies are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To determine alterations in BBB integrity in PD, with comparison to cerebrovascular disease. METHODS: Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance images were collected from 49 PD patients, 15 control subjects with cerebrovascular disease [control positive (CP)] and 31 healthy control subjects [control negative (CN)], with all groups matched for age. Quantitative maps of the contrast agent transfer coefficient across the BBB (K^{trans}) and plasma volume (v_{p}) were produced using Patlak analysis. Differences in K^{trans} and v_{p} were assessed with voxel-based analysis as well as in regions associated with PD pathophysiology. In addition, the volume of white matter lesions (WMLs) was obtained from T_{2}-weighted fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. RESULTS: Higher K^{trans}, reflecting higher BBB leakage, was found in the PD group than in the CN group using voxel-based analysis; differences were most prominent in the posterior white matter regions. Region of interest analysis confirmed K^{trans} to be significantly higher in PD than in CN, predominantly driven by differences in the substantia nigra, normal-appearing white matter, WML and the posterior cortex. WML volume was significantly higher in PD compared to CN. Ktrans values and WML volume were similar in PD and CP, suggesting a similar burden of cerebrovascular disease despite lower cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION: These results show BBB disruption in PD.

Type: Article
Title: Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage Is Increased in Parkinson's Disease
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.593026
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.593026
Language: English
Additional information: © 2020 Al-Bachari, Naish, Parker, Emsley and Parkes. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: blood–brain barrier, cerebrovascular disease, dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, Parkinson’s disease, neurovascular unit
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10119333
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