Tenner, C; (1996) The impact of carp stocking on fresh water Sites of Special Scientific Interest in southern England. (ECRC Research Paper 14 ). UCL Environmental Change Research Centre: London, UK.

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Abstract

Carp have been introduced to ponds throughout Britain because they are favoured by anglers. However, carp feeding is known to have a detrimental effect on submerged macrophytes and so could reduce the conservation status of inland water Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Five SSSI sites where symptoms of nutrient enrichment are attributed to the effects of common carp and common bream (Carvalho & Moss 1995) together with a sixth, national nature reserve site, form the basis for this study. Data was gathered on fish stocking densities, water chemistry and submerged plant cover. The range of degradation in the lakes was related to fish stocking densities. Two sites were chosen for a detailed study of the calculation of a TP budget for the period March - July 1996, thereby allowed a compar ison of carp P release rates to other P loadings. The results of this study show that at a stocking density of 200 kg ha· 1, carp fisheries can be compatible with SSSI conservation. At higher stocking densities, degradation of the sites can occur due to carp feeding ecology, interactions with other fish species and manmade changes to the lake. No general model of the effects of carp on ponds can be built due to the variety of factors which interact with the species in these lakes.

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