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Modelling the impacts of transport policies on the urban environment

Chiquetto, Sergio Luiz; (1996) Modelling the impacts of transport policies on the urban environment. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access

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Abstract

Road transport is by far the major source of environmental degradation in urban centres. Transport trends, planning policies and traffic management schemes can have significant impacts not only on local but also on global environmental conditions. This research analyses the extent to which a range of transport strategies can influence the total vehicle exhaust emissions and local levels of air pollution concentration and noise from traffic in an urban area. The transport policies and trends considered may stimulate changes in the characteristics of traffic flows, which affect the patterns of traffic emissions, or alter the exhaust levels directly from emission sources. The changes produced in traffic emissions can have important impacts on environmental quality. The local and global environmental impacts from the various scenarios generated by the policies or trends analysed are compared with the environmental quality from the 'do nothing' situation. The analysis is based on the application of a road traffic assignment model in conjunction with models for the estimation of environmental degradation, to the urban road network of Chester, England. The assignment model simulates the conditions of traffic flow generated by the demand for travel, in each link within the network. The outputs are utilised by an emission model, which estimates the total emissions produced by all traffic within the road network. The traffic data are also used as inputs to the air pollution dispersion and noise propagation models, in order to estimate the environmental conditions at the point in each road where the levels of degradation are expected to be maximum. The last part of this research presents an assessment procedure, which addresses some further implications produced by the simulations carried out, such as the predominant economic and environmental costs. This procedure involves an evaluation of the costs associated with travel time, fuel consumption and environmental degradation. The approach in this research can provide decision-makers with valuable information about the economic and environmental implications from changes in the characteristics of the transport system.

Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Qualification: Ph.D
Title: Modelling the impacts of transport policies on the urban environment
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
Language: English
Additional information: Thesis digitised by ProQuest.
Keywords: (UMI)AAI10055407; Social sciences; Chester, England; Impacts; Modelling; Transport policies; Urban environment
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10097212
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