Lérias, JR;
Paraschoudi, G;
De Sousa, E;
Martins, J;
Condeço, C;
Figueiredo, N;
Carvalho, C;
... Maeurer, M; + view all
(2020)
Microbes as Master Immunomodulators: Immunopathology, Cancer and Personalized Immunotherapies.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
, 7
, Article 362. 10.3389/fcell.2019.00362.
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Abstract
The intricate interplay between the immune system and microbes is an essential part of the physiological homeostasis in health and disease. Immunological recognition of commensal microbes, such as bacterial species resident in the gut or lung as well as dormant viral species, i.e., cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in combination with a balanced immune regulation, is central to achieve immune-protection. Emerging evidence suggests that immune responses primed to guard against commensal microbes may cause unexpected pathological outcomes, e.g., chronic inflammation and/or malignant transformation. Furthermore, translocation of immune cells from one anatomical compartment to another, i.e., the gut-lung axis via the lymphatics or blood has been identified as an important factor in perpetrating systemic inflammation, tissue destruction, as well as modulating host-protective immune responses. We present in this review immune response patterns to pathogenic as well as non-pathogenic microbes and how these immune-recognition profiles affect local immune responses or malignant transformation. We discuss personalized immunological therapies which, directly or indirectly, target host biological pathways modulated by antimicrobial immune responses.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Microbes as Master Immunomodulators: Immunopathology, Cancer and Personalized Immunotherapies |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fcell.2019.00362 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00362 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2020 Lérias, Paraschoudi, de Sousa, Martins, Condeço, Figueiredo, Carvalho, Dodoo, Castillo-Martin, Beltrán, Ligeiro, Rao, Zumla and Maeurer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
| Keywords: | pathogens, microbiota, inflammation, neoplasia, immune responses, antibodies, cancer, immunotherapy |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10092639 |
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