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Temporal Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognition in Mid and Late Life: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Desai, R; Charlesworth, G; Brooker, H; Potts, H; Corbett, A; Aarsland, D; Ballard, C; (2020) Temporal Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognition in Mid and Late Life: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 21 (8) pp. 1108-1113. 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.01.106. Green open access

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Abstract

Objectives: To examine the bidirectional temporal relationship between depressive symptoms and cognition in relation to risk, reaction, and prodrome. / Design: Cross-lag analysis of longitudinal data collected online at baseline and 12-month follow-up. / Setting and Participants: A United Kingdom population cohort of 11,855 participants aged 50 years and over. / Measures: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depressive symptoms), cognitive measures: Paired Associate Learning, Verbal Reasoning, Spatial Working Memory, and Digit Span. / Results: Depressive symptoms predicted a decline in paired associates learning [β = −.020, P = .013, (95% confidence interval [CI], ‒.036, −.004)] and verbal reasoning [β = −.014, P = .016, (95% CI ‒.025, −.003)] but not vice versa. Depressive symptoms predicted [β = −.043, P < .001, (95% CI ‒.060, −.026); β = −.029, P < .001, (95% CI ‒.043, −.015)] and were predicted by [β = −.030, P = < .001, (95% CI ‒.047, −.014); β = −.025, P = .003, (95% CI ‒.041, −.009)], a decline in spatial working memory and verbal digit span, respectively. / Conclusions and Implications: Depressive symptoms may be either a risk factor or prodrome for cognitive decline. In addition, a decline in attention predicts depressive symptoms. Clinical implications and implications for further research are discussed.

Type: Article
Title: Temporal Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognition in Mid and Late Life: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.01.106
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.01.106
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Depressive symptoms, depression, cognition
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Clinical, Edu and Hlth Psychology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics > CHIME
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10090491
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