Mohd Zaki, Amirah; (2019) The role of mast cells, T cells and their cytokines in Allergic Conjunctivitis. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The pathology and mechanisms underlying allergic conjunctivitis are still poorly understood. Even though most studies focusing on the mechanisms of allergic diseases, only few have focused on the mechanisms of allergic conjunctivitis. Basic and clinical research have been done in order to understand the cells and mediators that involved in the immunologic events of ocular allergy. Immunologic mediators, including cytokines are important in mediating intracellular communication networks during allergy, and they play important roles in the contribution of disease pathology. IL-9 is a well-established growth factor, mediating mast cell and T cell production of proinflammatory cytokines. IL-9 has recently been associated in the development of allergic diseases including allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, however, its contribution in allergic conjunctivitis is still unknown. IL-9 is one of the initially thought Th2 cytokine, but recent studies showed that there are many different cell types that also secretes IL-9, including mast cells and Th9 cells. (more details) The data obtained from this thesis is the first to demonstrate the upregulation of IL-9 expression by mast cells in the conjunctiva of experimental allergic conjunctivitis mice and allergen challenged allergic conjunctivitis donors. Further in vitro studies using has revealed that IL-9R blockade resulting in the downregulation of mast cell secretion products including histamine and Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13.

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