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Girls’ Menstrual Management in Five Districts of Nepal: Implications for Policy and Practice

Morrison, JL; Basnet, M; Anju, B; Khimbanjar, S; Chaulagain, S; Baral, S; Mahon, T; (2018) Girls’ Menstrual Management in Five Districts of Nepal: Implications for Policy and Practice. Studies in Social Justice , 12 (2) pp. 252-272. 10.26522/ssj.v12i2.1623. Green open access

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Abstract

Discriminatory practices related to menstruation affect the social, mental and physical wellbeing of girls in many low-and middle-income countries. We conducted mixed methods research in five districts of Nepal to explore how menstruation affected girls’ ability to fully participate in school and community life. We conducted 860 structured interviews, 26 group interviews and 10 focus group discussions with schoolgirls in rural areas,14 semi-structured interviews with girls’ mothers, and 10 interviews with health teachers. Girls in all districts experienced social, material and information barriers to confident menstrual management. Menstrual blood was believed to carry diseases, and girls’ movement was restricted to contain ritual pollution and protect them from illness, spirit possession, and sexual experiences. Taboos prevented girls from worshipping in temples or in their home, and some girls were not allowed to enter the kitchen, or sleep in their home while menstruating. Teachers and parents felt unprepared to answer questions about menstruation and focused on the maintenance of restrictions. Teachers and students were embarrassed discussing menstruation in school and classes were not question-driven or skills-based. Gender disaggregated teaching of menstruation and engagement of health facility staff may have positive effects. Community participatory approaches that engage girls, their families and the wider community are necessary to address harmful cultural practices. Cross-sectoral approaches to provide clean, private, safe spaces for girls and increased availability of preferred materials could enable confident menstrual management.

Type: Article
Title: Girls’ Menstrual Management in Five Districts of Nepal: Implications for Policy and Practice
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.26522/ssj.v12i2.1623
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v12i2.1623
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright (c) 2018 Joanna Morrison; Machhindra Basnet; Anju Bhatt, Sangeeta Khimbanjar; Sandhya Chaulagain; Nepali Sah; Sushil Baral; Therese Mahon; Marian Hodgkin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Keywords: public policy, gender, culture
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10065419
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