Hager, R; Arnold, A; Sevcsik, E; Schütz, GJ; Howorka, S; (2018) Tunable DNA Hybridization Enables Spatially and Temporally Controlled Surface-Anchoring of Biomolecular Cargo. Langmuir , 34 (49) pp. 15021-15027. 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01942.

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Abstract

The controlled immobilization of biomolecules onto surfaces is relevant in biosensing and cell biological research. Spatial control is achieved by surface-tethering molecules in micro- or nanoscale patterns. Yet, there is an increasing demand for temporal control over how long biomolecular cargo stays immobilized until released into the medium. Here, we present a DNA hybridization-based approach to reversibly anchor biomolecular cargo onto micropatterned surfaces. Cargo is linked to a DNA oligonucleotide that hybridizes to a sequence-complementary, surface-tethered strand. The cargo is released from the substrate by the addition of an oligonucleotide that disrupts the duplex interaction via toehold-mediated strand displacement. The unbound tether strand can be reloaded. The generic strategy is implemented with small-molecule or protein cargo, varying DNA sequences, and multiple surface patterning routes. The approach may be used as a tool in biological research to switch membrane proteins from a locally fixed to a free state, or in biosensing to shed biomolecular receptors to regenerate the sensor surface.

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