Wise, T;
Taylor, MJ;
Herane-Vives, A;
Gammazza, AM;
Cappello, F;
Lythgoe, DJ;
Williams, SC;
... Arnone, D; + view all
(2018)
Glutamatergic hypofunction in medication-free major depression: Secondary effects of affective diagnosis and relationship to peripheral glutaminase.
Journal of Affective Disorders
, 234
pp. 214-219.
10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.059.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty as to whether alterations in glutamatergic function in affective disorders differ between unipolar and bipolar disorders and between depressive and euthymic states. Additionally, there are currently no available blood-based markers of central glutamatergic function to support clinical diagnosis and aid brain based investigations. METHODS: In this study, we measured levels of glutamate in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in-vivo using 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in medication free unipolar and bipolar patients (n = 29, 20 unipolar and 9 bipolar) experiencing a major depressive episode, in comparison with a group of matched healthy controls (n = 20). We also analysed peripheral glutaminase measured in serum to examine the relationship between central and peripheral measures. RESULTS: Anterior cingulate glutamate levels were reduced in both unipolar and bipolar depression groups relative to healthy controls, although this only reached significance in the unipolar group. Peripheral glutaminase levels did not differentiate bipolar from unipolar depression and a positive correlation with central glutamate levels did not reach statistical significance. LIMITATIONS: The sample of bipolar disorder patients was relatively small due to the difficulties involved in finding medication-free patients experiencing a depressive episode. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that glutamatergic hypofunction might represent a state marker for a depressive episode irrespective of diagnosis. Peripheral glutaminase did not index central glutamate levels in this study, which could potentially reflect a small magnitude of the effect requiring larger samples for detection.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Glutamatergic hypofunction in medication-free major depression: Secondary effects of affective diagnosis and relationship to peripheral glutaminase |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.059 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.059 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2018 Elsevier B.V. This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Bipolar disorder, Depression, Neuroimaging, Magnetic resonance, Mood disorders |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Imaging Neuroscience |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10048547 |
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