Borges, AH;
Neuhaus, J;
Babiker, AG;
Henry, K;
Jain, MK;
Palfreeman, A;
Mugyenyi, P;
... Mitsuyasu, R; + view all
(2016)
Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces Risk of Infection-Related Cancer During Early HIV Infection.
Clinical Infectious Diseases
, 63
(12)
pp. 1668-1676.
10.1093/cid/ciw621.
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Abstract
Background In the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) study, immediate combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation reduced cancer risk by 64%. We hypothesized that risk reduction was higher for infection-related cancer and determined by differences in CD4 cell counts and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA between the study arms. Methods Incident malignancies in START were categorized into infection-related and infection-unrelated cancer. We used Cox models to assess factors associated with both cancer categories. We used sequential adjustment for baseline covariates, cancer risk factors, and HIV-specific variables to investigate potential mediators of cancer risk reduction with immediate cART. Results There were 14 cancers among persons randomized to immediate cART (6 infection-related and 8 infection-unrelated) and 39 cancers in the deferred arm (23 infection-related and 16 infection-unrelated); hazard ratios of immediate vs deferred cART initiation were 0.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], .11–.64) for infection-related and 0.49 (95% CI, .21–1.15) for infection-unrelated cancer. Independent predictors of infection-related cancer were older age, higher body mass index, low- to middle-income region, HIV RNA, and baseline CD8 cell count. Older age and baseline CD8 cell count were independent predictors of infection-unrelated cancer. Adjustment for latest HIV RNA level had little impact on the protective effect of immediate cART on infection-related cancer. Adjustment for latest HIV RNA level, but not for CD4 cell count or cancer risk factors, attenuated the effect of immediate cART on infection-unrelated cancer. Conclusions Immediate cART initiation significantly reduces risk of cancer. Although limited by small sample size, this benefit does not appear to be solely attributable to HIV RNA suppression and may be also mediated by other mechanisms.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces Risk of Infection-Related Cancer During Early HIV Infection |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/cid/ciw621 |
| Publisher version: | http://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw621 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | HIV, antiretroviral therapy, cancer, Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology > MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10045845 |
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