Majonga, ED;
Norrish, G;
Rehman, AM;
Kranzer, K;
Mujuru, HA;
Nathoo, K;
Odland, JO;
... Ferrand, RA; + view all
(2018)
Racial Variation in Echocardiographic Reference Ranges for Left Chamber Dimensions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.
Pediatric Cardiology
, 39
(5)
pp. 859-868.
10.1007/s00246-018-1873-0.
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Abstract
Echocardiography plays a critical role in the assessment of cardiac disease. Important differences in echocardiographically derived cardiac chamber dimensions have been previously highlighted in different population groups in adult studies, but this has not been systematically studied in children, whose body size changes throughout childhood. The aim of this study was to review the distribution of available reference ranges for the left cardiac chamber dimensions in older children and adolescents. The following electronic data bases were searched: Medline, Embase and Web of Science were searched to identify studies which have established echocardiographic reference ranges of left heart parameters in children and adolescents from 1975 to December 2017. There was no geographical limitation. All results were imported into Endnote. Retrieved articles were screened and data extracted by two independent reviewers. A total of 4398 studies were retrieved, with 36 studies finally included in this review. 29 (81%) references were from North America and European (Caucasians) populations, with only one study each from Africa and South America. Two-dimensional and M-mode techniques were the most commonly used echocardiography techniques. There were methodological variations in techniques and normalisation of references. Comparison of selected cardiac measures showed significant differences for interventricular septal thickness among Black African, Indian, German and US American children. Available echocardiographic references cannot be generalised to all settings and therefore, there is need for locally relevant reference ranges. Africa and South America are particularly under-represented. Future studies should focus on developing comprehensive echocardiographic reference ranges for children from different racial backgrounds and should use standardised techniques.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Racial Variation in Echocardiographic Reference Ranges for Left Chamber Dimensions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00246-018-1873-0 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00246-018-1873-0 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Pediatrics, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Echocardiography, Reference ranges, Left ventricle, Left atrium, Children, LEFT-VENTRICULAR MASS, BODY-SURFACE AREA, CROSS-SECTIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, LEFT ATRIAL VOLUME, 3-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, YOUNG-ADULTS, CARDIAC STRUCTURES, HEALTHY-CHILDREN, REFERENCE VALUES, NORMAL INFANTS |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10055499 |
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