Chow, A.H.F.; (2007) Analysis of dynamic traffic models and assignments. In: Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of Universities Transport Study, January 3-5 2007, Harrogate, UK. Universities' Transport Study Group

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Abstract

This paper develops a comprehensive framework for analysing and solving traffic models and assignments in dynamic setting. Traffic models capture the time-varying travel times and flows on a road network and traffic assignments represent the corresponding responses of travellers. There are two different kinds of traffic assignments: dynamic user equilibrium and dynamic system optimum. Under dynamic user equilibrium, traffic is assigned such that for each origin-destination pair in the network, the individual travel costs experienced by each traveller, no matter which combination of travel route and departure time he/she chooses, are equal and minimal. The system optimum assigns traffic such that the total system cost of the network system is minimized. The system optimal traffic pattern provides a useful benchmark for evaluating various transport policy measures such as implementing dynamic road tolls. This system optimal assignment is formulated as a state-dependent optimal control problem. The analysis developed in this paper is novel and it can work with general travel cost functions. Numerical examples are provided for illustration and discussion. Finally, some concluding remarks are given.

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