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Genome-wide host RNA signatures of infectious diseases: discovery and clinical translation

Gliddon, HD; Herberg, JA; Levin, M; Kaforou, M; (2018) Genome-wide host RNA signatures of infectious diseases: discovery and clinical translation. [Review]. Immunology , 153 (2) pp. 171-178. 10.1111/imm.12841. Green open access

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Abstract

The use of whole blood gene expression to derive diagnostic biomarkers capable of distinguishing between phenotypically similar diseases holds great promise but remains a challenge. Differential gene expression analysis is used to identify the key genes that undergo changes in expression relative to healthy individuals, as well as to patients with other diseases. These key genes can act as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive markers of disease. Gene expression 'signatures' in the blood hold potential to be used for the diagnosis of infectious diseases, where current diagnostics are unreliable, ineffective or of limited potential. For diagnostic tests based on RNA signatures to be useful clinically, the first step is to identify the minimum set of gene transcripts that accurately identify the disease in question. The second requirement is rapid and cost effective detection of the gene expression levels. Whilst signatures have been described for a number of infectious diseases, 'clinic-ready' technologies for RNA detection from clinical samples are limited, though existing methods such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are likely to be superseded by a number of emerging technologies, which may form the basis of the translation of gene expression signatures into routine diagnostic tests for a range of disease states.

Type: Article
Title: Genome-wide host RNA signatures of infectious diseases: discovery and clinical translation
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1111/imm.12841
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imm.12841
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Immunology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1575706
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