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On the maximal Sobolev regularity of distributions supported by subsets of Euclidean space

Hewett, DP; Moiola, A; (2017) On the maximal Sobolev regularity of distributions supported by subsets of Euclidean space. Analysis and Applications 10.1142/S021953051650024X. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

This paper concerns the following question: given a subset E of R n with empty interior and an integrability parameter 1 < p < ∞, what is the maximal regularity s ∈ R for which there exists a non-zero distribution in the Bessel potential Sobolev space Hs,p(R n) that is supported in E? For sets of zero Lebesgue measure we apply well-known results on set capacities from potential theory to characterise the maximal regularity in terms of the Hausdorff dimension of E, sharpening previous results. Furthermore, we provide a full classification of all possible maximal regularities, as functions of p, together with the sets of values of p for which the maximal regularity is attained, and construct concrete examples for each case. Regarding sets with positive measure, for which the maximal regularity is non-negative, we present new lower bounds on the maximal Sobolev regularity supported by certain fat Cantor sets, which we obtain both by capacity-theoretic arguments, and by direct estimation of the Sobolev norms of characteristic functions. We collect several results characterising the regularity that can be achieved on certain special classes of sets, such as d-sets, boundaries of open sets, and Cartesian products, of relevance for applications in differential and integral equations.

Type: Article
Title: On the maximal Sobolev regularity of distributions supported by subsets of Euclidean space
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1142/S021953051650024X
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S021953051650024X
Language: English
Additional information: Preprint of an article submitted for consideration in Analysis and Applications; copyright © 2016 World Scientific Publishing Company [http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscinet/aa]
Keywords: Bessel potential Sobolev spaces, (s, p)-nullity, polar set, set of uniqueness, capacity, Hausdorff dimension, Cantor sets
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Mathematics
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1530874
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