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Changing Incidence and Risk Factors for Kaposi Sarcoma by Time since Starting Antiretroviral Therapy: Collaborative Analysis of 21 European Cohort Studies

Wyss, N; Zwahlen, M; Clifford, G; Campbell, M; Chakraborty, R; Bonnet, F; Chene, G; ... Bohlius, J; + view all (2016) Changing Incidence and Risk Factors for Kaposi Sarcoma by Time since Starting Antiretroviral Therapy: Collaborative Analysis of 21 European Cohort Studies. Clinical Infectious Diseases , 63 (10) pp. 1373-1379. 10.1093/cid/ciw562. Green open access

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Abstract

Background. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) remains a frequent cancer in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients starting combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We examined incidence rates and risk factors for developing KS in different periods after starting cART in patients from European observational HIV cohorts. Methods. We included HIV-positive adults starting cART after 1 January 1996. We analyzed incidence rates and risk factors for developing KS up to 90 and 180 days and 1, 2, 5, and 8 years after cART start and fitted univariable and multivariable Cox regression models. Results. We included 109 461 patients from 21 prospective clinical cohorts in Europe with 916 incident KS cases. The incidence rate per 100 000 person-years was highest 6 months after starting cART, at 953 (95% confidence interval, 866-1048), declining to 82 (68-100) after 5-8 years. In multivariable analyses adjusted for exposure group, origin, age, type of first-line regimen, and calendar year, low current CD4 cell counts increased the risk of developing KS throughout all observation periods after cART initiation. Lack of viral control was not associated with the hazard of developing KS in the first year after cART initiation, but was over time since starting cART increasingly positively associated (P <. 001 for interaction). Conclusion. In patients initiating cART, both incidence and risk factors for KS change with time since starting cART. Whereas soon after starting cART low CD4 cell count is the dominant risk factor, detectable HIV-1 RNA viral load becomes an increasingly important risk factor in patients who started cART several years earlier, independently of immunodeficiency.

Type: Article
Title: Changing Incidence and Risk Factors for Kaposi Sarcoma by Time since Starting Antiretroviral Therapy: Collaborative Analysis of 21 European Cohort Studies
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw562
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw562
Language: English
Additional information: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Clinical Infectious Diseases following peer review. The version of record, Wyss, N; Zwahlen, M; Clifford, G; Campbell, M; Chakraborty, R; Bonnet, F; Chene, G; (2016) Changing Incidence and Risk Factors for Kaposi Sarcoma by Time since Starting Antiretroviral Therapy: Collaborative Analysis of 21 European Cohort Studies. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 63 (10) pp. 1373-1379, is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw562.
Keywords: Kaposi sarcoma, HIV, adults, antiretroviral therapy, risk factors
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health > Infection and Population Health
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1529769
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