Lahelma, E;
Pietiläinen, O;
Ferrie, J;
Kivimäki, M;
Lahti, J;
Marmot, M;
Rahkonen, O;
... Lallukka, T; + view all
(2016)
Changes Over Time in Absolute and Relative Socioeconomic Differences in Smoking: A Comparison of Cohort Studies From Britain, Finland, and Japan.
Nicotine & Tobacco Research
, 18
(8)
pp. 1697-1704.
10.1093/ntr/ntw004.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Socioeconomic differences in smoking over time and across national contexts are poorly understood. We assessed the magnitude of relative and absolute social class differences in smoking in cohorts from Britain, Finland and Japan over 5-7 years. METHODS: The British Whitehall II study (n=4350), Finnish Helsinki Health Study (n=6328), and Japanese Civil Servants Study (n=1993) all included employed men and women aged 35-68 at baseline in 1997-2002. Follow-up was in 2003-2007 (mean follow-up 5.1, 6.5 and 3.6 years, respectively). Occupational social class (managers, professionals and clerical employees) was measured at baseline. Current smoking and covariates (age, marital status, body mass index and self-rated health) were measured at baseline and follow-up. We assessed relative social class differences using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and absolute differences using the Slope Index of Inequality (SII). RESULTS: Social class differences in smoking were found in Britain and Finland, but not in Japan. Age-adjusted relative differences at baseline ranged from RII 3.08 (95% confidence interval 1.99-4.78) among Finnish men to 2.32 (1.24-4.32) among British women, with differences at follow-up greater by 8-58%. Absolute differences remained stable and varied from SII 0.27 (0.15-0.40) among Finnish men to 0.10 (0.03-0.16) among British women. Further adjustment for covariates had modest effects on inequality indices. CONCLUSIONS: Large social class differences in smoking persisted among British and Finnish men and women, with widening tendencies in relative differences over time. No differences could be confirmed among Japanese men or women.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Changes Over Time in Absolute and Relative Socioeconomic Differences in Smoking: A Comparison of Cohort Studies From Britain, Finland, and Japan |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/ntr/ntw004 |
| Publisher version: | http://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntw004 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Britain, Finland, Japan, Smoking, follow-up, social class |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Epidemiology and Public Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1504046 |
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