Fazio, F;
Lionetto, L;
Curto, M;
Iacovelli, L;
Copeland, CS;
Neale, SA;
Bruno, V;
... Nicoletti, F; + view all
(2017)
Cinnabarinic acid and xanthurenic acid: Two kynurenine metabolites that interact with metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Neuropharmacology
, 112
(Part B)
pp. 365-372.
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.06.020.
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Abstract
Cinnabarinic and xanthurenic acids are kynurenine metabolites generated by oxidative dimerization of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and transamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine, respectively. Recent evidence suggests that both compounds can affect brain function and neurotransmission and interact with metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. Cinnabarinic acid behaves as an orthosteric agonist of mGlu4 receptors, whereas some of the in vitro and in vivo effects produced by xanthurenic acid appear to be mediated by the activation of mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptors. Cinnabarinic acid could play an important role in mechanisms of neuroinflammation acting as a linking bridge between the immune system and the CNS. Xanthurenic acid has potential implications in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and is a promising candidate as a peripheral biomarker of the disorder. The action of cinnabarinic acid and xanthurenic acid may extend beyond the regulation of mGlu receptors and may involve several diverse molecular targets, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor for cinnabarinic acid and vesicular glutamate transporters for xanthurenic acid. The growing interest on these two metabolites of the kynurenine pathway may unravel new aspects in the complex interaction between tryptophan metabolism and brain function, and lead to the discovery of new potential targets for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Cinnabarinic acid and xanthurenic acid: Two kynurenine metabolites that interact with metabotropic glutamate receptors |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.06.020 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.06.020 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) |
| Keywords: | Cinnabarinic acid; Xanthurenic acid; Metabotropic glutamate receptors; Neuroinflammation; Schizophrenia |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1502589 |
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