Ciurtin, C;
Ostas, A;
Cojocaru, VM;
Walsh, SB;
Isenberg, DA;
(2015)
Advances in the treatment of ocular dryness associated with Sjögren׳s syndrome.
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
, 45
(3)
pp. 321-327.
10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.06.007.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sjögren´s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease that is characterised by decreased exocrine gland function and frequent ocular symptoms associated with eye dryness. Significantly, dry eyes can lead to corneal abrasions, infection, ulceration, chronic scarring and, in severe cases, perforation. The available conventional therapies have limited efficacy and there are no biologic therapies licensed for use in SS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search of PubMed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE electronic data bases was performed covering the period from January 1994 to September 2014. Evidence was graded in categories I-IV and a treatment algorithm, comprising first line, second line and rescue therapies for ocular dryness associated with SS was proposed. It is based on the current evidence of efficacy of different therapies and explores their link with the pathogenesis of ocular dryness associated with SS. RESULTS: Recent developments in the understanding of the pathogenesis of SS provided evidence that the ocular dryness is associated with pathologic infiltration and dysfunction of the lacrimal glands and changes in the tear composition, together with abnormalities involving the neurosecreting circuits. There is good evidence for the efficacy of topical artificial tears, antiinflammatories and Cyclosporine, and oral Pilocarpine and Cevimeline in controlling the symptoms of ocular dryness associated with SS. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional DMARDs are not particularly effective in addressing the symptoms of ocular dryness associated with SS, despite being commonly prescribed for other SS manifestations. Emerging evidence suggests that B cell and co-stimulatory targeted therapy may play a role in the future.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Advances in the treatment of ocular dryness associated with Sjögren׳s syndrome. |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.06.007 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.06.007 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. This manuscript is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Non-derivative 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and non-commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated. Further details about CC BY licenses are available at http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0. Access may be initially restricted by the publisher. |
| Keywords: | Ocular dryness pathogenesis in SS, Ocular dryness treatment, Sjogren׳s syndrome (SS) |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine > Inflammation UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine > Renal Medicine |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1472125 |
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