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Cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation: recent insights into an age old problem

Dupont, L; Reeves, MB; (2016) Cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation: recent insights into an age old problem. Reviews in Medical Virology , 26 (2) pp. 75-89. 10.1002/rmv.1862. Green open access

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Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection remains a major cause of morbidity in patient populations. In certain clinical settings, it is the reactivation of the pre-existing latent infection in the host that poses the health risk. The prevailing view of HCMV latency was that the virus was essentially quiescent in myeloid progenitor cells and that terminal differentiation resulted in the initiation of the lytic lifecycle and reactivation of infectious virus. However, our understanding of HCMV latency and reactivation at the molecular level has been greatly enhanced through recent advancements in systems biology approaches to perform global analyses of both experimental and natural latency. These approaches, in concert with more classical reductionist experimentation, are furnishing researchers with new concepts in cytomegalovirus latency and suggest that latent infection is far more active than first thought. In this review, we will focus on new studies that suggest that distinct sites of cellular latency could exist in the human host, which, when coupled with recent observations that report different transcriptional programmes within cells of the myeloid lineage, argues for multiple latent phenotypes that could impact differently on the biology of this virus in vivo. Finally, we will also consider how the biology of the host cell where the latent infection persists further contributes to the concept of a spectrum of latent phenotypes in multiple cell types that can be exploited by the virus.

Type: Article
Title: Cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation: recent insights into an age old problem
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1862
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rmv.1862
Language: English
Additional information: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Dupont, L; Reeves, MB; (2016) Cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation: recent insights into an age old problem. Reviews in Medical Virology, 26 (2) pp. 75-89, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rmv.1862. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving (http://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-828039.html#terms).
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1471678
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