Russ, TC;
Kivimäki, M;
Morling, JR;
Starr, JM;
Stamatakis, E;
Batty, GD;
(2015)
Association Between Psychological Distress and Liver Disease Mortality: A Meta-analysis of Individual Study Participants.
Gastroenterology
, 148
(5)
958-966.e4.
10.1053/j.gastro.2015.02.004.
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Abstract
Background & Aims: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as obesity and hypertension, have been associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Psychological distress (symptoms of anxiety and depression) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, so it might also be associated, directly or indirectly, with liver disease. We investigated the relationship between psychological distress (measured by the 12-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ]) and liver disease mortality. / Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of data from individual participants in 16 prospective studies of the general population in the United Kingdom, initiated from 1994 through 2008. Subjects were assigned to groups based on GHQ score: 0 (no distress), 1−3, 4−6, or 7−12. / Results: We analyzed data from 166,631 individuals (55% women; mean ± SD age, 46.6 ± 18.4 years; range, 16−102 years). During a mean follow-up period of 9.5 years, 17,368 participants died (457 with liver disease). We found a significant increase in liver disease mortality with increase in GHQ score (Ptrend < .001). The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for the highest GHQ score category (ie, 7−12), compared with the 0 score category, was 3.48 (95% confidence interval: 2.68−4.52). After adjustment for health behaviors, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and diabetes, this hazard ratio decreased to 2.59 (95% confidence interval: 1.82−3.68). / Conclusions: Based on a meta-analysis, psychological distress is associated with liver disease mortality, although this finding requires additional analysis. Although one is not likely to cause the other, we provide additional evidence for the deleterious effects of psychological problems on physical health.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Association Between Psychological Distress and Liver Disease Mortality: A Meta-analysis of Individual Study Participants |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.02.004 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2015.02.004 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2015. This manuscript version is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Non-derivative 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This licence allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and non-commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated. Further details about CC BY licences are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Access may be initially restricted by the publisher. |
| Keywords: | Science & technology, life sciences & biomedicine, gastroenterology & hepatology, steatosis, cirrhosis, mental health, ghq-12, coronary-heart-disease, general health questionnaire, fatty liver, cardiovascular-disease, dementia death, risk-factor, screening instruments, insulin-resistance, prospective cohort, physical-activity |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Epidemiology and Public Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1463477 |
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