Alshami, AAA; (2015) Development of a Novel Antibacterial and Remineralising Dental Composite for Paediatric Dentistry. Doctoral thesis , UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop new high strength dental composites with antimicrobial release, using primarily high molecular weight monomers for reduced shrinkage but additional inclusion of components that might promote dentine adhesion and remineralisation. Urethane dimethacrylate : poly(propylene glycol) dimethacryate (3:1) was mixed with 5 wt% adhesive monomer (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or methacrylate phosphate). This was combined with glass particles mixed with chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX, 5 or 10 wt%) and mono and tri calcium phosphate (CaP 10 or 40 wt%) in a powder to liquid ratio of 4:1 Light activated monomer conversion was assessed by FITR. Biaxial flexural strength of set discs (10 mm diameter, 1 mm thick, n=8) was determined after 24 hours in distilled water and compared with a commercial control (Gradia). CHX release (24 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks) was assessed using UV spectrometry. The monomer conversion of experimental formulations was 71% and 81% with 5 and 10 wt% CHX respectively and not affected by other variables. Gradia conversion was 50%. New material strengths ranged between 130 and 180 MPa being lower with higher CHX and CaP. Varying adhesive monomer type had negligible effect. Gradia strength was 70 MPa. Over 4 weeks, CHX release was 2.9 - 7.1 wt% and mass increase 1.2 - 3.9 wt%. In conclusion, experimental composites containing antibacterial, remineralising and adhesion promoting components have been produced with flexural strengths comparable with commercial materials and higher monomer conversion.

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