De-Silva, DL;
Ellias, M;
Wilmott, K;
Mallet, J;
Day, JJ;
(2015)
Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes.
Journal of Biogeography
10.1111/jbi.12611.
(In press).
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Abstract
Aim Despite the greatest butterfly diversity on Earth occurring in the Neotrop- ical Andes and Amazonia, there is still keen debate about the origins of this exceptional biota. A densely sampled calibrated phylogeny for a widespread butterfly subtribe, Oleriina (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini) was used to estimate the origin, colonization history and diversification of this species-rich group. Location Neotropics. Methods Ancestral elevation and biogeographical ranges were reconstructed using data generated from detailed range maps and applying the dispersal-ex- tinction-cladogenesis model using stratified palaeogeographical time slice matrices. The pattern of diversification through time was examined by compar- ing constant and variable rate models. We also tested the hypothesis that a change in elevation is associated with speciation. Results The Oleriina likely originated in the Andes in the Early to Middle Miocene and rapidly diversified to include four genera all of which also origi- nated in the Andes. These clades, together with four species groups, experi- enced varying spatial and temporal patterns of diversification. An overall early burst and decreasing diversification rate is identified, and this pattern is reflected for most subclades. Main conclusions Changes in the palaeogeological landscape, particularly the prolonged uplift of the Andes, had a profound impact on the diversification of the subtribe. The Oleriina mostly remained within the Andes and vicariant spe- ciation resulted in some instances. Dynamic dispersal occurred with the disap- pearance of geological barriers such as the Acre System and the subtribe exploited newly available habitats. Our results confirm the role of the Andean uplift in the evolution of Neotropical biodiversity.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1111/jbi.12611 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Biogeography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Life Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Life Sciences > Div of Biosciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Life Sciences > Div of Biosciences > Genetics, Evolution and Environment |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1452189 |
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