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Intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses vs dental implants: A comparison between keratinocytes and gingival cell adhesion in vitro.

Pendegrass, CJ; Fontaine, C; Chan, G; Hosseini, P; Blunn, GW; (2015) Intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses vs dental implants: A comparison between keratinocytes and gingival cell adhesion in vitro. European Cells and Materials , 29 pp. 237-249. Green open access

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Abstract

Keratinocytes versus gingival cell adhesion European Cells and Materials Vol. 29 2015 (pages 237-249) ISSN 1473-2262 Abstract Infection is the primary failure modality for transcutaneous implants because the skin breach provides a route for pathogens to enter the body. Intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses (ITAP) are being developed to overcome this problem by creating a seal at the skin-implant interface. Oral gingival epithelial cell attachment creates an infection-free seal around dental implants. However, this has yet to be achieved consistently outside of the oral environment. Epithelial cells attach to metal substrates by means of hemidesmosomes and focal adhesions. Their density per unit cell is an indicator of attachment strength. We postulate that gingival epithelial cells express more hemidesmosomes and focal adhesions at earlier time points, compared with epidermal keratinocytes, and this increased speed and strength of attachment may be the reason why an infection-free seal is often achieved around dental implants but less frequently around ITAP. The aim of this study was to compare epidermal keratinocyte with oral gingival cell attachment on titanium alloy in vitro, to determine whether these two cell types differ in their speed and strength of attachment. We aimed to test the hypothesis that gingival cells up-regulate focal adhesion and hemidesmosome formation at earlier time points compared with extra-oral keratinocytes. To test this hypothesis we cultured epidermal keratinocytes and oral gingival cells on titanium alloy substrates and assessed cell attachment by focal adhesions and hemidesmosome expression at 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Formation and expression of hemidesmosomes temporally lagged behind that of focal adhesions in both cell types. Gingival derived cells up-regulated focal adhesion and hemidesmosome expression at earlier time points compared with epidermal keratinocytes. Hemidesmosome expression in oral gingival cells was 3 times greater compared with epidermal keratinocytes at 4 hours. Our findings indicate that earlier attachment may be key to the success of the dental implant transcutaneous interface.

Type: Article
Title: Intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses vs dental implants: A comparison between keratinocytes and gingival cell adhesion in vitro.
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
Publisher version: http://www.ecmjournal.org/journal/papers/vol029/vo...
Language: English
Additional information: With kind permission of full reproduction from eCM journal (www.ecmjournal.org). Founded by scientists for the benefit of Science rather than profit.
Keywords: Gingival cell, epithelial cell, cell attachment, focal adhesion, hemidesmosome, laminin
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci > Department of Ortho and MSK Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1448456
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