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Individualized Gaussian process-based prediction and detection of local and global gray matter abnormalities in elderly subjects.

Ziegler, G; Ridgway, GR; Dahnke, R; Gaser, C; (2014) Individualized Gaussian process-based prediction and detection of local and global gray matter abnormalities in elderly subjects. Neuroimage , 97C 333 - 348. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.018. Green open access

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Abstract

Structural imaging based on MRI is an integral component of the clinical assessment of patients with potential dementia. We here propose an individualized Gaussian process-based inference scheme for clinical decision support in healthy and pathological aging elderly subjects using MRI. The approach aims at quantitative and transparent support for clinicians who aim to detect structural abnormalities in patients at risk of Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia. Firstly, we introduce a generative model incorporating our knowledge about normative decline of local and global gray matter volume across the brain in elderly. By supposing smooth structural trajectories the models account for the general course of age-related structural decline as well as late-life accelerated loss. Considering healthy subjects' demography and global brain parameters as informative about normal brain aging variability affords individualized predictions in single cases. Using Gaussian process models as a normative reference, we predict new subjects' brain scans and quantify the local gray matter abnormalities in terms of Normative Probability Maps (NPM) and global z-scores. By integrating the observed expectation error and the predictive uncertainty, the local maps and global scores exploit the advantages of Bayesian inference for clinical decisions and provide a valuable extension of diagnostic information about pathological aging. We validate the approach in simulated data and real MRI data. We train the GP framework using 1238 healthy subjects with ages 18-94years, and predict in 415 independent test subjects diagnosed as healthy controls, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Type: Article
Title: Individualized Gaussian process-based prediction and detection of local and global gray matter abnormalities in elderly subjects.
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.018
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.018
Language: English
Additional information: © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Keywords: Bayesian inference, Brain morphology, Gaussian processes, Lifespan brain aging, Single case analysis
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1431704
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