Akbar, AN;
Reed, JR;
Lacy, KE;
Jackson, SE;
Vukmanovic-Stejic, M;
Rustin, MH;
(2013)
Investigation of the cutaneous response to recall antigen in humans in vivo.
Clin Exp Immunol
, 173
(2)
163 - 172.
10.1111/cei.12107.
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Abstract
In this paper we provide a detailed description of an experimental method for investigating the induction and resolution of recall immune response to antigen in humans in vivo. This involves the injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) into the skin, followed by inducing suction blisters at the site of injection, from which leucocytes and cytokines that are involved in the response can be isolated and characterized. Using this technique we found that although the majority of CD4(+) T cells in the skin that are present early in the response express cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA), the expression of this marker is reduced significantly in later phases. This may enable these cells to leave the skin during immune resolution. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-2 production can be detected both in CD4(+) T cells and also in the blister fluid at the peak of the response at day 7, indicating that mediators found in the blister fluid are representative of the cytokine microenvironment in vivo. Finally, we found that older humans have defective ability to respond to cutaneous PPD challenge, but this does not reflect a global immune deficit as they have similar numbers of circulating functional PPD-specific CD4(+) T cells as young subjects. The use of the blister technology enables further characterization of the skin specific defect in older humans and also general mechanisms that govern immune regulation in vivo.
Type: | Article |
---|---|
Title: | Investigation of the cutaneous response to recall antigen in humans in vivo. |
Location: | England |
Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
DOI: | 10.1111/cei.12107 |
Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cei.12107 |
Language: | English |
Additional information: | © 2013 British Society for Immunology. Full text made available to UCL Discovery by kind permission of Wiley. PMCID: PMC3722916 |
Keywords: | DTH, ageing, human immunity, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antigens, Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Blister, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cell Movement, Disease Progression, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Delayed, Immunization, Secondary, Interleukin-2, Membrane Glycoproteins, Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing, Skin, Skin Tests, Tuberculin, Young Adult |
UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine > Experimental and Translational Medicine |
URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1393796 |
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