Wang, J; Fromme, P; Duffour, P; (2025) Monitoring of offshore wind turbine monopiles for life extension. In: Rizzo, Piervincenzo and Su, Zhongqing and Ricci, Fabrizio and Peters, Kara J, (eds.) Proceedings SPIE Volume 13437, Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XIX; 1343705. (pp. p. 91). SPIE: Vancouver, B.C., Canada.

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Abstract

The rapid expansion of offshore wind electricity generation capacity over the past decades means that many existing wind farms will soon come to the end of their design life, typically using monopiles as the support structure in medium water depths. The need for renewable energy generation and lower embodied carbon will in many cases encourage offshore wind turbine life extension. The viability for lifetime extension was investigated using reliability analysis, leveraging a novel active learning framework with an ensemble of surrogate models and offering valuable insights for risk-based decision-making and sustainable management of offshore wind assets. For a reference monopile-supported OWT, this provided accurate failure probability estimates with significantly reduced computational costs. Results indicate a progressive decline in OWT reliability over time due to accumulated fatigue damage under cyclic environmental loading. The feasibility of employing guided ultrasonic waves to monitor the inaccessible, submerged part of the monopiles to detect the development of critical defects was explored to assess the sensitivity for typical fatigue and corrosion defects at circumferential welds. The guided wave sensor data could be combined with wind and wave load predictions to facilitate fatigue reliability analysis based on structural health monitoring.

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