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A Low-Power, Versatile Capacitance Interface ASIC Based on Pulse-Width Modulation with Real-Time Dynamic Range Matching

Habibollahi, Maryam; Jaccottet, Arthur; Gomez, Antonio; Saffari, Nader; Demosthenous, Andreas; (2025) A Low-Power, Versatile Capacitance Interface ASIC Based on Pulse-Width Modulation with Real-Time Dynamic Range Matching. In: 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). (pp. pp. 1-5). IEEE: London, UK. Green open access

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Abstract

Capacitive sensing is commonly employed to measure a wide range of physical quantities, including displacement, humidity, and pressure. Readout accuracy, speed, and power consumption are among the key performance characteristics during the design process for meeting the specific demands of the sensor application. Minimum parasitic effects in capacitance-to-time converters offer high suitability in precise, high-resolution applications that demand low sensitivity to environmental effects, such as in biomedical sensing devices. However, the design tradeoffs in the measurement range, resolution, and speed often limit device performance and require manual adjustment of the sensing front-end. This paper describes a low-power readout circuit for high-resolution capacitance sensing across a wide input range of up to 200 pF. A pulse-width-modulation-based, capacitance-to-time (C-T) converter is presented in 65-nm CMOS technology for miniaturised applications. Real-time monitoring of the output enables automatic adjustment of the sensing parameters that determine range, resolution, and speed, providing a flexible solution to the application needs. The system provides rapid conversion of single- and differential-mode capacitors with a 50-μs readout time while consuming 25 μW from a 1-V supply.

Type: Proceedings paper
Title: A Low-Power, Versatile Capacitance Interface ASIC Based on Pulse-Width Modulation with Real-Time Dynamic Range Matching
Event: 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)
Dates: 25 May 2025 - 28 May 2025
ISBN-13: 979-8-3503-5683-0
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS56072.2025.11043677
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043677
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Capacitive sensing, low-power measurement system, pulse-width modulation (PWM), real-time monitoring, selfadjusting sensor, time-based capacitor interface
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Electronic and Electrical Eng
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Mechanical Engineering
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10216046
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