Ghadi, FR;
Wong, KK;
Kaveh, M;
Lopez-Martinez, FJ;
Chae, CB;
Alexandropoulos, GC;
(2025)
FIRES: Fluid Integrated Reflecting and Emitting Surfaces.
IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
10.1109/LWC.2025.3602219.
(In press).
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Abstract
This letter introduces the concept of fluid integrated reflecting and emitting surface (FIRES), which constitutes a new paradigm seamlessly integrating the flexibility of fluid-antenna systems (FASs) with the dual functionality of simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs). The potential of the proposed metasurface structure is studied though an FIRES-enabled multicast system based on the energy splitting protocol. In this model, the FIRES is divided into non-overlapping subareas, each functioning as a 'fluid' element capable of concurrent reflection and transmission and changing its position of radiation within the subarea. In particular, we formulate an optimization problem for the design of the triple tunable features of the surface unit elements, which is solved via a tailored particle swarm optimization approach. Our results showcase that the proposed FIRES architecture significantly outperforms its conventional STAR-RIS counterpart.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | FIRES: Fluid Integrated Reflecting and Emitting Surfaces |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1109/LWC.2025.3602219 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3602219 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Fluids, Reflection, Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, Metasurfaces, Vectors, Protocols, Correlation, Rician channels, Particle swarm optimization, Optimization |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Electronic and Electrical Eng |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10213355 |
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