Kim, Y; Negretti, GS; Westcott, M; Sagoo, MS; Reddy, MA; (2025) Outcomes of Cryotherapy for the Treatment of Retinoblastoma in 92 Consecutive Patients. Retina 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004495. (In press).

Text outcomes_of_cryotherapy_for_the_treatment_of.1021.pdf - Accepted Version Access restricted to UCL open access staff until 25 April 2026. Download (755kB)

Abstract

Purpose: To report the incidence, risk factors, clinical course, and visual outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and vitreous haemorrhage (VH) following cryotherapy for retinoblastoma. Methods: A single-centre retrospective review of patients treated with cryotherapy for retinoblastoma between January 2013 and December 2022. Results: Of 124 eyes in 92 patients treated with cryotherapy, RRD developed in 7 (6%) and VH in 9 (7%) eyes. RRD persisted in 1 eye (<1%) and VH in 5 eyes (4%), while RRD and VH resolved spontaneously in remaining eyes. Increased cryotherapy applications were associated with VH risk (p<0.01) but not with RRD. Cryotherapy recipients who had also received intra-arterial chemotherapy (n=50) were associated with VH risk (p=0.01). Management for persistent complications were referral for scleral buckling (1 RRD), observation (1 VH), or enucleation (4 VH: 3 tumour progression, 1 no retinal view). Cryotherapy-induced visual loss occurred in one RRD (<1%, baseline vs final visual acuity: 20/20 vs 20/40), and in one VH (<1%, enucleation due to no view). Baseline vision was preserved in the majority of globe-salvaged cases. Conclusion: Complications post-cryotherapy in retinoblastoma management are rare. Increased cryotherapy applications may increase the risk of VH, but cryotherapy-related visual loss was rare.

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