Sampson, Elizabeth L;
Davies, Nathan;
Vickerstaff, Victoria;
(2025)
Evaluation of the psychometric properties of PainChek in older general hospital patients with dementia.
Age and Ageing
, 54
(2)
, Article afaf027. 10.1093/ageing/afaf027.
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Abstract
Background: Pain is common in people with dementia in general hospitals. This can be difficult to identify. Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of PainChek electronic pain assessment tool. Design: Cross-sectional psychometric study. Setting: Six medical care of older people wards from two general hospitals in greater London, UK. Subjects: 63 people with clinical diagnosis of dementia: mean 84 years (SD 6.7), 59% female, 69% living in their own homes, 64% white British, 77% moderate/severe dementia. Method: Psychometric evaluation of PainChek, a point-of-care electronic pain assessment tool combining artificial intelligence, facial analysis and smartphone technology. From a total of 216 assessments, we tested PainChek’s inter-rater reliability (IRR) (Cohen’s kappa), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and concurrent validity (Pearson’s coefficient) between PainChek and Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scores at rest and post-movement [95% confidence interval (95% CI) where appropriate]. We assessed convergent validity with Symptom Management–End of Life in Dementia scale (SM-EOLD) (Pearson’s coefficient) and discriminant validity (rest vs post-movement). Results: IRR was 0.714 (95% CI 0.562 to 0.81) (rest) and 0.817 (95% CI 0.692 to 0.894) (post-movement). Internal consistency was 0.755 (rest) and 0.833 (post-movement). Concurrent validity with PAINAD was 0.528 (95% CI 0.317 to 0.690) (rest) and 0.787 (0.604 to 0.891) (post-movement). Convergent validity with SM-EOLD was −0.555 (95% CI −0.726 to −0.318) (rest) and −0.5644 (95% CI −0.733 to −0.331) (post-movement). Discriminant validity was significant. Conclusions: PainChek is a valid and reliable pain assessment tool for people with dementia in general hospitals. Further consideration will be needed for implementation into this setting.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Evaluation of the psychometric properties of PainChek in older general hospital patients with dementia |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/ageing/afaf027 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaf027 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Geriatrics & Gerontology, dementia, pain, hospitals, point-of-care systems, psychometrics, older people, INTERRATER RELIABILITY, ASSESSMENT-TOOL, FACIAL EXPRESSION, PEOPLE, PREVALENCE, CARE, MANAGEMENT, INTENSITY, MODERATE, SCALES |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Division of Psychiatry UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Primary Care and Population Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Division of Psychiatry > Marie Curie Palliative Care |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10206730 |
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