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Engineering Quantum Error Correction Codes Using Evolutionary Algorithms

Webster, Mark A; Browne, Dan E; (2025) Engineering Quantum Error Correction Codes Using Evolutionary Algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering , 6 , Article 3100514. 10.1109/TQE.2025.3538934. Green open access

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Abstract

Quantum error correction and the use of quantum error correction codes is likely to be essential for the realisation of practical quantum computing. Because the error models of quantum devices vary widely, quantum codes which are tailored for a particular error model may have much better performance. In this work, we present a novel evolutionary algorithm which searches for an optimal stabiliser code for a given error model, number of physical qubits and number of encoded qubits. We demonstrate an efficient representation of stabiliser codes as binary strings - this allows for random generation of valid stabiliser codes, as well as mutation and crossing of codes. Our algorithm finds stabiliser codes whose distance closely matches the best-known-distance codes of [1] for n ≤ 20 physical qubits. We perform a search for optimal distance CSS codes, and compare their distance to the best-known-codes. Finally, we show that the algorithm can be used to optimise stabiliser codes for biased error models, demonstrating a significant improvement in the undetectable error rate for [[12,1]]2 codes versus the best-known-distance code with the same parameters. As part of this work, we also introduce an evolutionary algorithm QDistEvol for finding the distance of quantum error correction codes.

Type: Article
Title: Engineering Quantum Error Correction Codes Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1109/TQE.2025.3538934
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1109/tqe.2025.3538934
Language: English
Additional information: © 2025 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Evolutionary algorithms, quantum error correction, stabilizer codes
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Physics and Astronomy
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10206673
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