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A Machine Learning Model to Harmonize Volumetric Brain MRI Data for Quantitative Neuroradiologic Assessment of Alzheimer Disease

Archetti, Damiano; Venkatraghavan, Vikram; Weiss, Béla; Bourgeat, Pierrick; Auer, Tibor; Vidnyánszky, Zoltán; Durrleman, Stanley; ... E-DADS Consortium; + view all (2025) A Machine Learning Model to Harmonize Volumetric Brain MRI Data for Quantitative Neuroradiologic Assessment of Alzheimer Disease. Radiology: Artificial Intelligence , 7 (1) , Article e240030. 10.1148/ryai.240030. Green open access

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Abstract

Purpose: To extend a previously developed machine learning algorithm for harmonizing brain volumetric data of individuals undergoing neuroradiologic assessment of Alzheimer disease not encountered during model training. Materials and Methods: Neuroharmony is a recently developed method that uses image quality metrics as predictors to remove scanner-related effects in brain-volumetric data using random forest regression. To account for the interactions between Alzheimer disease pathology and image quality metrics during harmonization, the authors developed a multiclass extension of Neuroharmony for individuals with and without cognitive impairment. Cross-validation experiments were performed to benchmark performance against other available strategies using data from 20 864 participants with and without cognitive impairment, spanning 11 prospective and retrospective cohorts and 43 scanners. Evaluation metrics assessed the ability to remove scanner-related variations in brain volumes (marker concordance between scanner pairs) while retaining the ability to delineate different diagnostic groups (preserving disease-related signal). Results: For each strategy, marker concordances between scanners were significantly better (P < .001) compared with preharmonized data. The proposed multiclass model achieved significantly higher concordance (mean, 0.75 ± 0.09 [SD]) than the Neuroharmony model trained on individuals without cognitive impairment (mean, 0.70 ± 0.11) and preserved disease-related signal (∆AUC [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve] = -0.006 ± 0.027) better than the Neuroharmony model trained on individuals with and without cognitive impairment that did not use the proposed extension (∆AUC = -0.091 ± 0.036). The marker concordance was better in scanners seen during training (concordance > 0.97) than unseen (concordance < 0.79), independent of cognitive status. Conclusion: In a large-scale multicenter dataset, the proposed multiclass Neuroharmony model outperformed other available strategies for harmonizing brain volumetric data from unseen scanners in a clinical setting.

Type: Article
Title: A Machine Learning Model to Harmonize Volumetric Brain MRI Data for Quantitative Neuroradiologic Assessment of Alzheimer Disease
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1148/ryai.240030
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryai.240030
Language: English
Additional information: Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Keywords: Image Postprocessing, MR Imaging, Dementia, Random Forest
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Brain Repair and Rehabilitation
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Computer Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10202684
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